How can I wire 7 outdoor posts correctly?How do I wire a receptacle and a light switch?How can I extend a circuit so I can plug in my under cabinet lighting?Outdoor lighting: use 12V transformer or 220 V mains? And use RCD or not?How do I properly wire this outdoor junction box?Can I use auto primary wire to add a new receptacle in my garage?Installing an outdoor inlet for a portable generatorHow can I replace a lamp postDo I need exterior rated electrical cable to add a house mounted electrical outlet or disconnect switchCorrectly wiring GFCI with two hot linesTurn 1 Switch Into 3 Switches That Control Outdoor Lighting?

What should I install to correct "ld: cannot find -lgbm and -linput" so that I can compile a Rust program?

In Aliens, how many people were on LV-426 before the Marines arrived​?

Why is indicated airspeed rather than ground speed used during the takeoff roll?

What favor did Moody owe Dumbledore?

Why is there so much iron?

What does "Four-F." mean?

Writing in a Christian voice

How to get the n-th line after a grepped one?

Is honey really a supersaturated solution? Does heating to un-crystalize redissolve it or melt it?

Recruiter wants very extensive technical details about all of my previous work

Can you move over difficult terrain with only 5 feet of movement?

Does the attack bonus from a Masterwork weapon stack with the attack bonus from Masterwork ammunition?

World War I as a war of liberals against authoritarians?

두음법칙 - When did North and South diverge in pronunciation of initial ㄹ?

I seem to dance, I am not a dancer. Who am I?

How to generate binary array whose elements with values 1 are randomly drawn

If "dar" means "to give", what does "daros" mean?

Geography in 3D perspective

Is there a term for accumulated dirt on the outside of your hands and feet?

Using Past-Perfect interchangeably with the Past Continuous

Calculate the frequency of characters in a string

Light propagating through a sound wave

Probably overheated black color SMD pads

Comment Box for Substitution Method of Integrals



How can I wire 7 outdoor posts correctly?


How do I wire a receptacle and a light switch?How can I extend a circuit so I can plug in my under cabinet lighting?Outdoor lighting: use 12V transformer or 220 V mains? And use RCD or not?How do I properly wire this outdoor junction box?Can I use auto primary wire to add a new receptacle in my garage?Installing an outdoor inlet for a portable generatorHow can I replace a lamp postDo I need exterior rated electrical cable to add a house mounted electrical outlet or disconnect switchCorrectly wiring GFCI with two hot linesTurn 1 Switch Into 3 Switches That Control Outdoor Lighting?













1















I've seen a few posts on how to wire a single post/column for lighting outdoor but I can't find anything that relates to multiple posts/columns.



I have 7 posts/columns outdoor and I'd like to add lighting at the top of each post. These posts/columns will be used with a fence (in case you are trying to visualize this).



So far this is what I understand I need to do in a nutshell:



  • Dig a trench of 18" and bury wiring with PVC piping

  • Use existing outdoor GFCI and extend your wiring from that outlet as long as you are not overloading the circuit

  • Use a wiring hub that runs power from the outlet being used to the main hub input and then have separate outs from the same hub running to each lamp that will go to each post/column

Here is where I need some guidance:



  • What is a good hub to use outdoor? When searching online, I only find extension cords hubs. This isn't what I need. Does it have a different/formal name?

  • My run from the outlet at the house to the hub by the posts/columns would be about 60 feet. If I position the hub midpoint of all posts/columns, I have about 40 feet each way (left or right) to the furthest point to supply cable to each lamp on each post/column. Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop? If so, which one and how do I introduce this?

  • I've read that looping or daisy chaining just makes it more complex trying to maintain adequate voltage (evenly) on all post so a hub is recommended. Is this correct?

I have a basic understanding of electrical and wiring. I've done some smaller projects at home so tackling this isn't a concern. I'd just like to know what are the right components I need to ensure this is done correctly










share|improve this question







New contributor




Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.















  • 1





    Are you totally married to using incandescent lighting? Or is LED a possibility? Is this 12V/low voltage lighting?

    – Harper
    10 hours ago











  • @Harper I saw no mention of incandescent - I'd sure hope OP isn't planning on incandescent or halogen for a new install. As far as low voltage, that thought crossed my mind but I didn't include it in my answer.

    – manassehkatz
    10 hours ago







  • 1





    I'm going for LED for sure

    – Tito Valentin
    9 hours ago











  • First you need to decide whether you will use low-voltage fixtures or regular 120V fixtures (or 240V in parts of Europe). Low-voltage fixtures make things a lot less complicated for the novice, in that they are largely exempt from electrical code rules (at least in the US). If using 120v (or higher) fixtures you must generally conform to "code", and that requires a lot of effort for the novice.

    – Hot Licks
    6 hours ago















1















I've seen a few posts on how to wire a single post/column for lighting outdoor but I can't find anything that relates to multiple posts/columns.



I have 7 posts/columns outdoor and I'd like to add lighting at the top of each post. These posts/columns will be used with a fence (in case you are trying to visualize this).



So far this is what I understand I need to do in a nutshell:



  • Dig a trench of 18" and bury wiring with PVC piping

  • Use existing outdoor GFCI and extend your wiring from that outlet as long as you are not overloading the circuit

  • Use a wiring hub that runs power from the outlet being used to the main hub input and then have separate outs from the same hub running to each lamp that will go to each post/column

Here is where I need some guidance:



  • What is a good hub to use outdoor? When searching online, I only find extension cords hubs. This isn't what I need. Does it have a different/formal name?

  • My run from the outlet at the house to the hub by the posts/columns would be about 60 feet. If I position the hub midpoint of all posts/columns, I have about 40 feet each way (left or right) to the furthest point to supply cable to each lamp on each post/column. Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop? If so, which one and how do I introduce this?

  • I've read that looping or daisy chaining just makes it more complex trying to maintain adequate voltage (evenly) on all post so a hub is recommended. Is this correct?

I have a basic understanding of electrical and wiring. I've done some smaller projects at home so tackling this isn't a concern. I'd just like to know what are the right components I need to ensure this is done correctly










share|improve this question







New contributor




Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.















  • 1





    Are you totally married to using incandescent lighting? Or is LED a possibility? Is this 12V/low voltage lighting?

    – Harper
    10 hours ago











  • @Harper I saw no mention of incandescent - I'd sure hope OP isn't planning on incandescent or halogen for a new install. As far as low voltage, that thought crossed my mind but I didn't include it in my answer.

    – manassehkatz
    10 hours ago







  • 1





    I'm going for LED for sure

    – Tito Valentin
    9 hours ago











  • First you need to decide whether you will use low-voltage fixtures or regular 120V fixtures (or 240V in parts of Europe). Low-voltage fixtures make things a lot less complicated for the novice, in that they are largely exempt from electrical code rules (at least in the US). If using 120v (or higher) fixtures you must generally conform to "code", and that requires a lot of effort for the novice.

    – Hot Licks
    6 hours ago













1












1








1








I've seen a few posts on how to wire a single post/column for lighting outdoor but I can't find anything that relates to multiple posts/columns.



I have 7 posts/columns outdoor and I'd like to add lighting at the top of each post. These posts/columns will be used with a fence (in case you are trying to visualize this).



So far this is what I understand I need to do in a nutshell:



  • Dig a trench of 18" and bury wiring with PVC piping

  • Use existing outdoor GFCI and extend your wiring from that outlet as long as you are not overloading the circuit

  • Use a wiring hub that runs power from the outlet being used to the main hub input and then have separate outs from the same hub running to each lamp that will go to each post/column

Here is where I need some guidance:



  • What is a good hub to use outdoor? When searching online, I only find extension cords hubs. This isn't what I need. Does it have a different/formal name?

  • My run from the outlet at the house to the hub by the posts/columns would be about 60 feet. If I position the hub midpoint of all posts/columns, I have about 40 feet each way (left or right) to the furthest point to supply cable to each lamp on each post/column. Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop? If so, which one and how do I introduce this?

  • I've read that looping or daisy chaining just makes it more complex trying to maintain adequate voltage (evenly) on all post so a hub is recommended. Is this correct?

I have a basic understanding of electrical and wiring. I've done some smaller projects at home so tackling this isn't a concern. I'd just like to know what are the right components I need to ensure this is done correctly










share|improve this question







New contributor




Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.












I've seen a few posts on how to wire a single post/column for lighting outdoor but I can't find anything that relates to multiple posts/columns.



I have 7 posts/columns outdoor and I'd like to add lighting at the top of each post. These posts/columns will be used with a fence (in case you are trying to visualize this).



So far this is what I understand I need to do in a nutshell:



  • Dig a trench of 18" and bury wiring with PVC piping

  • Use existing outdoor GFCI and extend your wiring from that outlet as long as you are not overloading the circuit

  • Use a wiring hub that runs power from the outlet being used to the main hub input and then have separate outs from the same hub running to each lamp that will go to each post/column

Here is where I need some guidance:



  • What is a good hub to use outdoor? When searching online, I only find extension cords hubs. This isn't what I need. Does it have a different/formal name?

  • My run from the outlet at the house to the hub by the posts/columns would be about 60 feet. If I position the hub midpoint of all posts/columns, I have about 40 feet each way (left or right) to the furthest point to supply cable to each lamp on each post/column. Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop? If so, which one and how do I introduce this?

  • I've read that looping or daisy chaining just makes it more complex trying to maintain adequate voltage (evenly) on all post so a hub is recommended. Is this correct?

I have a basic understanding of electrical and wiring. I've done some smaller projects at home so tackling this isn't a concern. I'd just like to know what are the right components I need to ensure this is done correctly







electrical wiring outdoor






share|improve this question







New contributor




Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question







New contributor




Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question






New contributor




Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked 11 hours ago









Tito ValentinTito Valentin

82




82




New contributor




Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






Tito Valentin is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







  • 1





    Are you totally married to using incandescent lighting? Or is LED a possibility? Is this 12V/low voltage lighting?

    – Harper
    10 hours ago











  • @Harper I saw no mention of incandescent - I'd sure hope OP isn't planning on incandescent or halogen for a new install. As far as low voltage, that thought crossed my mind but I didn't include it in my answer.

    – manassehkatz
    10 hours ago







  • 1





    I'm going for LED for sure

    – Tito Valentin
    9 hours ago











  • First you need to decide whether you will use low-voltage fixtures or regular 120V fixtures (or 240V in parts of Europe). Low-voltage fixtures make things a lot less complicated for the novice, in that they are largely exempt from electrical code rules (at least in the US). If using 120v (or higher) fixtures you must generally conform to "code", and that requires a lot of effort for the novice.

    – Hot Licks
    6 hours ago












  • 1





    Are you totally married to using incandescent lighting? Or is LED a possibility? Is this 12V/low voltage lighting?

    – Harper
    10 hours ago











  • @Harper I saw no mention of incandescent - I'd sure hope OP isn't planning on incandescent or halogen for a new install. As far as low voltage, that thought crossed my mind but I didn't include it in my answer.

    – manassehkatz
    10 hours ago







  • 1





    I'm going for LED for sure

    – Tito Valentin
    9 hours ago











  • First you need to decide whether you will use low-voltage fixtures or regular 120V fixtures (or 240V in parts of Europe). Low-voltage fixtures make things a lot less complicated for the novice, in that they are largely exempt from electrical code rules (at least in the US). If using 120v (or higher) fixtures you must generally conform to "code", and that requires a lot of effort for the novice.

    – Hot Licks
    6 hours ago







1




1





Are you totally married to using incandescent lighting? Or is LED a possibility? Is this 12V/low voltage lighting?

– Harper
10 hours ago





Are you totally married to using incandescent lighting? Or is LED a possibility? Is this 12V/low voltage lighting?

– Harper
10 hours ago













@Harper I saw no mention of incandescent - I'd sure hope OP isn't planning on incandescent or halogen for a new install. As far as low voltage, that thought crossed my mind but I didn't include it in my answer.

– manassehkatz
10 hours ago






@Harper I saw no mention of incandescent - I'd sure hope OP isn't planning on incandescent or halogen for a new install. As far as low voltage, that thought crossed my mind but I didn't include it in my answer.

– manassehkatz
10 hours ago





1




1





I'm going for LED for sure

– Tito Valentin
9 hours ago





I'm going for LED for sure

– Tito Valentin
9 hours ago













First you need to decide whether you will use low-voltage fixtures or regular 120V fixtures (or 240V in parts of Europe). Low-voltage fixtures make things a lot less complicated for the novice, in that they are largely exempt from electrical code rules (at least in the US). If using 120v (or higher) fixtures you must generally conform to "code", and that requires a lot of effort for the novice.

– Hot Licks
6 hours ago





First you need to decide whether you will use low-voltage fixtures or regular 120V fixtures (or 240V in parts of Europe). Low-voltage fixtures make things a lot less complicated for the novice, in that they are largely exempt from electrical code rules (at least in the US). If using 120v (or higher) fixtures you must generally conform to "code", and that requires a lot of effort for the novice.

– Hot Licks
6 hours ago










3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes


















1














A few specific points:



  • Use existing outdoor GFCI

Because this is outdoors, it needs to be GFCI protected if there are any receptacles in the circuit outdoors. As noted by Harper, a circuit used only for lighting does not necessarily need GFCI protection. But the original question mentions a receptacle, so we'll consider GFCI to be a requirement. If you can actually put the GFCI protection inside the building (e.g., either at an upstream receptacle or using a GFCI breaker instead of a plain breaker), that will eliminate exposure of the relatively sensitive GFCI electronics to wind/rain/etc. and generally make it last longer.



  • Use a wiring hub

That sounds to me like computer networking lingo. In the case of simple lighting, all you are connecting is power (hot/neutral/ground). A "hub" is simply a junction box that has all the wires connected to it - in this case "all in one" would be 1 in, 7 out = 8 x 2 = 16 wires (plus grounds) which is not a big deal. If your "hub" is simply a box at one post then it is 1 in, 3 out (1 to left, 1 to right, 1 to light in the same post) and the other posts just have 3 sets of wires - 1 in, 1 out, 1 to light in the same post (except for the post on each end). Nothing "special" - just ordinary wiring.



  • Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop?

Voltage drop depends on both distance and current. Using an online calculator I get 0.42% drop (== "nothing") on 100 ft. of 14 AWG with 1 Amp load. With a 10 Amp load, it is a more significant 4.21%, and switching to 12 AWG with 10 Amp load gives 2.65% (which is not "nothing" but still quite low).



FYI, while 14 AWG is plenty for this type of circuit, if the breaker is a 20 Amp breaker then you must stick with 12 AWG (or larger) wire or replace the breaker with 15 Amp. If this circuit is shared with receptacles as described then if it is 20 Amp go with 12 AWG and keep the breaker 20 Amp so that you don't limit your receptacle loads as much with the extra load of the lighting.



Bottom line: with the distances you are talking about and modern LED lighting, this is just not much of an issue. If each of the 7 posts has a 60 W LED fixture (that is a LOT of light), that is 1/2 Amp per fixture = 3.5 Amps total. So unless you are going to waste energy on halogen floodlights, voltage drop is really not a problem.






share|improve this answer




















  • 1





    Makes sense! Thanks for the info! To recap, daisy chain should be fine with no hub and since I'm using LED's, it should be efficient enough where voltage drop isn't an issue at all

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago











  • Correct. But do remember (a) consider carefully where your GFCI (if not already at the breaker) is installed and (b) 14 AWG is OK unless you are on a 20 A circuit.

    – manassehkatz
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    got it!...thanks!

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago


















1














Since you are planning on using PVC conduit (this is different than PVC pipe) I would use thwn wire, (most thhn wire is dual rated as thwn or for use in a damp wet location). You would run your conduit to each fixture and daisy chain all the fixtures. I have seen folks run 1 pipe up and 1 back down to make the wire pull easier but I just use a T and 1 pipe to each fixture both methods are legal I think a single pipe looks cleaner.






share|improve this answer























  • Thanks for the response! What about using a hub? My concern with daisy chain is voltage drop the further I go with my runs. Between each column, it's about 10' across and 6 feet up the column.

    – Tito Valentin
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    With such a low draw I would not be concerned with voltage drop. We could do the calculations but only a total of 3.5 amps with #12 wire it will not be a problem. I have LED's in my riding arena I think the wire run from the panel to the last one is pushing 200' with a total draw of 12+ amps and everything works fine.

    – Ed Beal
    8 hours ago


















1














Hubs are not a thing in mains electrical wiring. All your splices need to be inside junction boxes, and those junction box covers need to be accessible without tools. You can't bury them, for instance.



Realistically you will probably need to bring conduit up to each pole base, going from pole to pole, and make the splices inside the pole base. Most poles provide an access point for this.



As far as voltage drop, your fears are unfounded.



Let's presume absolute worst case of the following: 120V lighting (use 240V)... 60 watt lights (which is an insane amount of light in LED) ... 300 foot string ... and we carry all the power all 300' (which doesn't actually happen)... our voltage drop works out to 4.55%. That is perfectly fine. In practice it will be half that.



If you bumped to 240V lighting it would be 1/8 that. (lighting doesn't need GFCI unless it's near a water feature like a pond, hot tub or pool).



Voltage drop is really not a problem unless you're burning six 400-watt sodium lights or something, but even that would be 6.31% at 240V, actually half that: very acceptable.



But even then. Let's say you want twelve. Okay. You're in conduit. Just run 2 more wires so now you have 2 circuits. Every other light goes on a different circuit. Done. STILL not enough? Run 3 circuits. Run 4. You hit a hard limit at 4 circuits.



Wait. You need more still? Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights which cover the same space at 1/3 the power because they are much better-aimed. You can support about 70 of those.



More STILL? Okay, bump the conduit to 3/4" and the wire to #10. Now you can push the wires to 16A breaker limits instead of the 10A we were holding back at, and still have sane voltage drop. So 15,360 watts of lighting.






share|improve this answer

























  • His "hub" would be a handhole-type underground box, by the way :)

    – ThreePhaseEel
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    At the rate you're going, there will be an arc welder on top of each post...

    – manassehkatz
    9 hours ago











  • "Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights " It's worth doing that anyway...

    – UKMonkey
    9 hours ago











  • Thanks a bunch for the help. This clarifies a lot

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    @EdBeal Really? How do you access them for maintenance? Or even find them?

    – Harper
    8 hours ago










Your Answer








StackExchange.ready(function()
var channelOptions =
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "73"
;
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
createEditor();
);

else
createEditor();

);

function createEditor()
StackExchange.prepareEditor(
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: false,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: null,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader:
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
,
noCode: true, onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
);



);






Tito Valentin is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









draft saved

draft discarded


















StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fdiy.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f159989%2fhow-can-i-wire-7-outdoor-posts-correctly%23new-answer', 'question_page');

);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown

























3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes








3 Answers
3






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









1














A few specific points:



  • Use existing outdoor GFCI

Because this is outdoors, it needs to be GFCI protected if there are any receptacles in the circuit outdoors. As noted by Harper, a circuit used only for lighting does not necessarily need GFCI protection. But the original question mentions a receptacle, so we'll consider GFCI to be a requirement. If you can actually put the GFCI protection inside the building (e.g., either at an upstream receptacle or using a GFCI breaker instead of a plain breaker), that will eliminate exposure of the relatively sensitive GFCI electronics to wind/rain/etc. and generally make it last longer.



  • Use a wiring hub

That sounds to me like computer networking lingo. In the case of simple lighting, all you are connecting is power (hot/neutral/ground). A "hub" is simply a junction box that has all the wires connected to it - in this case "all in one" would be 1 in, 7 out = 8 x 2 = 16 wires (plus grounds) which is not a big deal. If your "hub" is simply a box at one post then it is 1 in, 3 out (1 to left, 1 to right, 1 to light in the same post) and the other posts just have 3 sets of wires - 1 in, 1 out, 1 to light in the same post (except for the post on each end). Nothing "special" - just ordinary wiring.



  • Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop?

Voltage drop depends on both distance and current. Using an online calculator I get 0.42% drop (== "nothing") on 100 ft. of 14 AWG with 1 Amp load. With a 10 Amp load, it is a more significant 4.21%, and switching to 12 AWG with 10 Amp load gives 2.65% (which is not "nothing" but still quite low).



FYI, while 14 AWG is plenty for this type of circuit, if the breaker is a 20 Amp breaker then you must stick with 12 AWG (or larger) wire or replace the breaker with 15 Amp. If this circuit is shared with receptacles as described then if it is 20 Amp go with 12 AWG and keep the breaker 20 Amp so that you don't limit your receptacle loads as much with the extra load of the lighting.



Bottom line: with the distances you are talking about and modern LED lighting, this is just not much of an issue. If each of the 7 posts has a 60 W LED fixture (that is a LOT of light), that is 1/2 Amp per fixture = 3.5 Amps total. So unless you are going to waste energy on halogen floodlights, voltage drop is really not a problem.






share|improve this answer




















  • 1





    Makes sense! Thanks for the info! To recap, daisy chain should be fine with no hub and since I'm using LED's, it should be efficient enough where voltage drop isn't an issue at all

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago











  • Correct. But do remember (a) consider carefully where your GFCI (if not already at the breaker) is installed and (b) 14 AWG is OK unless you are on a 20 A circuit.

    – manassehkatz
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    got it!...thanks!

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago















1














A few specific points:



  • Use existing outdoor GFCI

Because this is outdoors, it needs to be GFCI protected if there are any receptacles in the circuit outdoors. As noted by Harper, a circuit used only for lighting does not necessarily need GFCI protection. But the original question mentions a receptacle, so we'll consider GFCI to be a requirement. If you can actually put the GFCI protection inside the building (e.g., either at an upstream receptacle or using a GFCI breaker instead of a plain breaker), that will eliminate exposure of the relatively sensitive GFCI electronics to wind/rain/etc. and generally make it last longer.



  • Use a wiring hub

That sounds to me like computer networking lingo. In the case of simple lighting, all you are connecting is power (hot/neutral/ground). A "hub" is simply a junction box that has all the wires connected to it - in this case "all in one" would be 1 in, 7 out = 8 x 2 = 16 wires (plus grounds) which is not a big deal. If your "hub" is simply a box at one post then it is 1 in, 3 out (1 to left, 1 to right, 1 to light in the same post) and the other posts just have 3 sets of wires - 1 in, 1 out, 1 to light in the same post (except for the post on each end). Nothing "special" - just ordinary wiring.



  • Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop?

Voltage drop depends on both distance and current. Using an online calculator I get 0.42% drop (== "nothing") on 100 ft. of 14 AWG with 1 Amp load. With a 10 Amp load, it is a more significant 4.21%, and switching to 12 AWG with 10 Amp load gives 2.65% (which is not "nothing" but still quite low).



FYI, while 14 AWG is plenty for this type of circuit, if the breaker is a 20 Amp breaker then you must stick with 12 AWG (or larger) wire or replace the breaker with 15 Amp. If this circuit is shared with receptacles as described then if it is 20 Amp go with 12 AWG and keep the breaker 20 Amp so that you don't limit your receptacle loads as much with the extra load of the lighting.



Bottom line: with the distances you are talking about and modern LED lighting, this is just not much of an issue. If each of the 7 posts has a 60 W LED fixture (that is a LOT of light), that is 1/2 Amp per fixture = 3.5 Amps total. So unless you are going to waste energy on halogen floodlights, voltage drop is really not a problem.






share|improve this answer




















  • 1





    Makes sense! Thanks for the info! To recap, daisy chain should be fine with no hub and since I'm using LED's, it should be efficient enough where voltage drop isn't an issue at all

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago











  • Correct. But do remember (a) consider carefully where your GFCI (if not already at the breaker) is installed and (b) 14 AWG is OK unless you are on a 20 A circuit.

    – manassehkatz
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    got it!...thanks!

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago













1












1








1







A few specific points:



  • Use existing outdoor GFCI

Because this is outdoors, it needs to be GFCI protected if there are any receptacles in the circuit outdoors. As noted by Harper, a circuit used only for lighting does not necessarily need GFCI protection. But the original question mentions a receptacle, so we'll consider GFCI to be a requirement. If you can actually put the GFCI protection inside the building (e.g., either at an upstream receptacle or using a GFCI breaker instead of a plain breaker), that will eliminate exposure of the relatively sensitive GFCI electronics to wind/rain/etc. and generally make it last longer.



  • Use a wiring hub

That sounds to me like computer networking lingo. In the case of simple lighting, all you are connecting is power (hot/neutral/ground). A "hub" is simply a junction box that has all the wires connected to it - in this case "all in one" would be 1 in, 7 out = 8 x 2 = 16 wires (plus grounds) which is not a big deal. If your "hub" is simply a box at one post then it is 1 in, 3 out (1 to left, 1 to right, 1 to light in the same post) and the other posts just have 3 sets of wires - 1 in, 1 out, 1 to light in the same post (except for the post on each end). Nothing "special" - just ordinary wiring.



  • Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop?

Voltage drop depends on both distance and current. Using an online calculator I get 0.42% drop (== "nothing") on 100 ft. of 14 AWG with 1 Amp load. With a 10 Amp load, it is a more significant 4.21%, and switching to 12 AWG with 10 Amp load gives 2.65% (which is not "nothing" but still quite low).



FYI, while 14 AWG is plenty for this type of circuit, if the breaker is a 20 Amp breaker then you must stick with 12 AWG (or larger) wire or replace the breaker with 15 Amp. If this circuit is shared with receptacles as described then if it is 20 Amp go with 12 AWG and keep the breaker 20 Amp so that you don't limit your receptacle loads as much with the extra load of the lighting.



Bottom line: with the distances you are talking about and modern LED lighting, this is just not much of an issue. If each of the 7 posts has a 60 W LED fixture (that is a LOT of light), that is 1/2 Amp per fixture = 3.5 Amps total. So unless you are going to waste energy on halogen floodlights, voltage drop is really not a problem.






share|improve this answer















A few specific points:



  • Use existing outdoor GFCI

Because this is outdoors, it needs to be GFCI protected if there are any receptacles in the circuit outdoors. As noted by Harper, a circuit used only for lighting does not necessarily need GFCI protection. But the original question mentions a receptacle, so we'll consider GFCI to be a requirement. If you can actually put the GFCI protection inside the building (e.g., either at an upstream receptacle or using a GFCI breaker instead of a plain breaker), that will eliminate exposure of the relatively sensitive GFCI electronics to wind/rain/etc. and generally make it last longer.



  • Use a wiring hub

That sounds to me like computer networking lingo. In the case of simple lighting, all you are connecting is power (hot/neutral/ground). A "hub" is simply a junction box that has all the wires connected to it - in this case "all in one" would be 1 in, 7 out = 8 x 2 = 16 wires (plus grounds) which is not a big deal. If your "hub" is simply a box at one post then it is 1 in, 3 out (1 to left, 1 to right, 1 to light in the same post) and the other posts just have 3 sets of wires - 1 in, 1 out, 1 to light in the same post (except for the post on each end). Nothing "special" - just ordinary wiring.



  • Do I need some sort of amplifier so that I don't experience voltage drop?

Voltage drop depends on both distance and current. Using an online calculator I get 0.42% drop (== "nothing") on 100 ft. of 14 AWG with 1 Amp load. With a 10 Amp load, it is a more significant 4.21%, and switching to 12 AWG with 10 Amp load gives 2.65% (which is not "nothing" but still quite low).



FYI, while 14 AWG is plenty for this type of circuit, if the breaker is a 20 Amp breaker then you must stick with 12 AWG (or larger) wire or replace the breaker with 15 Amp. If this circuit is shared with receptacles as described then if it is 20 Amp go with 12 AWG and keep the breaker 20 Amp so that you don't limit your receptacle loads as much with the extra load of the lighting.



Bottom line: with the distances you are talking about and modern LED lighting, this is just not much of an issue. If each of the 7 posts has a 60 W LED fixture (that is a LOT of light), that is 1/2 Amp per fixture = 3.5 Amps total. So unless you are going to waste energy on halogen floodlights, voltage drop is really not a problem.







share|improve this answer














share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer








edited 9 hours ago

























answered 10 hours ago









manassehkatzmanassehkatz

9,6551336




9,6551336







  • 1





    Makes sense! Thanks for the info! To recap, daisy chain should be fine with no hub and since I'm using LED's, it should be efficient enough where voltage drop isn't an issue at all

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago











  • Correct. But do remember (a) consider carefully where your GFCI (if not already at the breaker) is installed and (b) 14 AWG is OK unless you are on a 20 A circuit.

    – manassehkatz
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    got it!...thanks!

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago












  • 1





    Makes sense! Thanks for the info! To recap, daisy chain should be fine with no hub and since I'm using LED's, it should be efficient enough where voltage drop isn't an issue at all

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago











  • Correct. But do remember (a) consider carefully where your GFCI (if not already at the breaker) is installed and (b) 14 AWG is OK unless you are on a 20 A circuit.

    – manassehkatz
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    got it!...thanks!

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago







1




1





Makes sense! Thanks for the info! To recap, daisy chain should be fine with no hub and since I'm using LED's, it should be efficient enough where voltage drop isn't an issue at all

– Tito Valentin
8 hours ago





Makes sense! Thanks for the info! To recap, daisy chain should be fine with no hub and since I'm using LED's, it should be efficient enough where voltage drop isn't an issue at all

– Tito Valentin
8 hours ago













Correct. But do remember (a) consider carefully where your GFCI (if not already at the breaker) is installed and (b) 14 AWG is OK unless you are on a 20 A circuit.

– manassehkatz
8 hours ago





Correct. But do remember (a) consider carefully where your GFCI (if not already at the breaker) is installed and (b) 14 AWG is OK unless you are on a 20 A circuit.

– manassehkatz
8 hours ago




1




1





got it!...thanks!

– Tito Valentin
8 hours ago





got it!...thanks!

– Tito Valentin
8 hours ago













1














Since you are planning on using PVC conduit (this is different than PVC pipe) I would use thwn wire, (most thhn wire is dual rated as thwn or for use in a damp wet location). You would run your conduit to each fixture and daisy chain all the fixtures. I have seen folks run 1 pipe up and 1 back down to make the wire pull easier but I just use a T and 1 pipe to each fixture both methods are legal I think a single pipe looks cleaner.






share|improve this answer























  • Thanks for the response! What about using a hub? My concern with daisy chain is voltage drop the further I go with my runs. Between each column, it's about 10' across and 6 feet up the column.

    – Tito Valentin
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    With such a low draw I would not be concerned with voltage drop. We could do the calculations but only a total of 3.5 amps with #12 wire it will not be a problem. I have LED's in my riding arena I think the wire run from the panel to the last one is pushing 200' with a total draw of 12+ amps and everything works fine.

    – Ed Beal
    8 hours ago















1














Since you are planning on using PVC conduit (this is different than PVC pipe) I would use thwn wire, (most thhn wire is dual rated as thwn or for use in a damp wet location). You would run your conduit to each fixture and daisy chain all the fixtures. I have seen folks run 1 pipe up and 1 back down to make the wire pull easier but I just use a T and 1 pipe to each fixture both methods are legal I think a single pipe looks cleaner.






share|improve this answer























  • Thanks for the response! What about using a hub? My concern with daisy chain is voltage drop the further I go with my runs. Between each column, it's about 10' across and 6 feet up the column.

    – Tito Valentin
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    With such a low draw I would not be concerned with voltage drop. We could do the calculations but only a total of 3.5 amps with #12 wire it will not be a problem. I have LED's in my riding arena I think the wire run from the panel to the last one is pushing 200' with a total draw of 12+ amps and everything works fine.

    – Ed Beal
    8 hours ago













1












1








1







Since you are planning on using PVC conduit (this is different than PVC pipe) I would use thwn wire, (most thhn wire is dual rated as thwn or for use in a damp wet location). You would run your conduit to each fixture and daisy chain all the fixtures. I have seen folks run 1 pipe up and 1 back down to make the wire pull easier but I just use a T and 1 pipe to each fixture both methods are legal I think a single pipe looks cleaner.






share|improve this answer













Since you are planning on using PVC conduit (this is different than PVC pipe) I would use thwn wire, (most thhn wire is dual rated as thwn or for use in a damp wet location). You would run your conduit to each fixture and daisy chain all the fixtures. I have seen folks run 1 pipe up and 1 back down to make the wire pull easier but I just use a T and 1 pipe to each fixture both methods are legal I think a single pipe looks cleaner.







share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered 10 hours ago









Ed BealEd Beal

34.1k12148




34.1k12148












  • Thanks for the response! What about using a hub? My concern with daisy chain is voltage drop the further I go with my runs. Between each column, it's about 10' across and 6 feet up the column.

    – Tito Valentin
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    With such a low draw I would not be concerned with voltage drop. We could do the calculations but only a total of 3.5 amps with #12 wire it will not be a problem. I have LED's in my riding arena I think the wire run from the panel to the last one is pushing 200' with a total draw of 12+ amps and everything works fine.

    – Ed Beal
    8 hours ago

















  • Thanks for the response! What about using a hub? My concern with daisy chain is voltage drop the further I go with my runs. Between each column, it's about 10' across and 6 feet up the column.

    – Tito Valentin
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    With such a low draw I would not be concerned with voltage drop. We could do the calculations but only a total of 3.5 amps with #12 wire it will not be a problem. I have LED's in my riding arena I think the wire run from the panel to the last one is pushing 200' with a total draw of 12+ amps and everything works fine.

    – Ed Beal
    8 hours ago
















Thanks for the response! What about using a hub? My concern with daisy chain is voltage drop the further I go with my runs. Between each column, it's about 10' across and 6 feet up the column.

– Tito Valentin
10 hours ago





Thanks for the response! What about using a hub? My concern with daisy chain is voltage drop the further I go with my runs. Between each column, it's about 10' across and 6 feet up the column.

– Tito Valentin
10 hours ago




1




1





With such a low draw I would not be concerned with voltage drop. We could do the calculations but only a total of 3.5 amps with #12 wire it will not be a problem. I have LED's in my riding arena I think the wire run from the panel to the last one is pushing 200' with a total draw of 12+ amps and everything works fine.

– Ed Beal
8 hours ago





With such a low draw I would not be concerned with voltage drop. We could do the calculations but only a total of 3.5 amps with #12 wire it will not be a problem. I have LED's in my riding arena I think the wire run from the panel to the last one is pushing 200' with a total draw of 12+ amps and everything works fine.

– Ed Beal
8 hours ago











1














Hubs are not a thing in mains electrical wiring. All your splices need to be inside junction boxes, and those junction box covers need to be accessible without tools. You can't bury them, for instance.



Realistically you will probably need to bring conduit up to each pole base, going from pole to pole, and make the splices inside the pole base. Most poles provide an access point for this.



As far as voltage drop, your fears are unfounded.



Let's presume absolute worst case of the following: 120V lighting (use 240V)... 60 watt lights (which is an insane amount of light in LED) ... 300 foot string ... and we carry all the power all 300' (which doesn't actually happen)... our voltage drop works out to 4.55%. That is perfectly fine. In practice it will be half that.



If you bumped to 240V lighting it would be 1/8 that. (lighting doesn't need GFCI unless it's near a water feature like a pond, hot tub or pool).



Voltage drop is really not a problem unless you're burning six 400-watt sodium lights or something, but even that would be 6.31% at 240V, actually half that: very acceptable.



But even then. Let's say you want twelve. Okay. You're in conduit. Just run 2 more wires so now you have 2 circuits. Every other light goes on a different circuit. Done. STILL not enough? Run 3 circuits. Run 4. You hit a hard limit at 4 circuits.



Wait. You need more still? Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights which cover the same space at 1/3 the power because they are much better-aimed. You can support about 70 of those.



More STILL? Okay, bump the conduit to 3/4" and the wire to #10. Now you can push the wires to 16A breaker limits instead of the 10A we were holding back at, and still have sane voltage drop. So 15,360 watts of lighting.






share|improve this answer

























  • His "hub" would be a handhole-type underground box, by the way :)

    – ThreePhaseEel
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    At the rate you're going, there will be an arc welder on top of each post...

    – manassehkatz
    9 hours ago











  • "Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights " It's worth doing that anyway...

    – UKMonkey
    9 hours ago











  • Thanks a bunch for the help. This clarifies a lot

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    @EdBeal Really? How do you access them for maintenance? Or even find them?

    – Harper
    8 hours ago















1














Hubs are not a thing in mains electrical wiring. All your splices need to be inside junction boxes, and those junction box covers need to be accessible without tools. You can't bury them, for instance.



Realistically you will probably need to bring conduit up to each pole base, going from pole to pole, and make the splices inside the pole base. Most poles provide an access point for this.



As far as voltage drop, your fears are unfounded.



Let's presume absolute worst case of the following: 120V lighting (use 240V)... 60 watt lights (which is an insane amount of light in LED) ... 300 foot string ... and we carry all the power all 300' (which doesn't actually happen)... our voltage drop works out to 4.55%. That is perfectly fine. In practice it will be half that.



If you bumped to 240V lighting it would be 1/8 that. (lighting doesn't need GFCI unless it's near a water feature like a pond, hot tub or pool).



Voltage drop is really not a problem unless you're burning six 400-watt sodium lights or something, but even that would be 6.31% at 240V, actually half that: very acceptable.



But even then. Let's say you want twelve. Okay. You're in conduit. Just run 2 more wires so now you have 2 circuits. Every other light goes on a different circuit. Done. STILL not enough? Run 3 circuits. Run 4. You hit a hard limit at 4 circuits.



Wait. You need more still? Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights which cover the same space at 1/3 the power because they are much better-aimed. You can support about 70 of those.



More STILL? Okay, bump the conduit to 3/4" and the wire to #10. Now you can push the wires to 16A breaker limits instead of the 10A we were holding back at, and still have sane voltage drop. So 15,360 watts of lighting.






share|improve this answer

























  • His "hub" would be a handhole-type underground box, by the way :)

    – ThreePhaseEel
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    At the rate you're going, there will be an arc welder on top of each post...

    – manassehkatz
    9 hours ago











  • "Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights " It's worth doing that anyway...

    – UKMonkey
    9 hours ago











  • Thanks a bunch for the help. This clarifies a lot

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    @EdBeal Really? How do you access them for maintenance? Or even find them?

    – Harper
    8 hours ago













1












1








1







Hubs are not a thing in mains electrical wiring. All your splices need to be inside junction boxes, and those junction box covers need to be accessible without tools. You can't bury them, for instance.



Realistically you will probably need to bring conduit up to each pole base, going from pole to pole, and make the splices inside the pole base. Most poles provide an access point for this.



As far as voltage drop, your fears are unfounded.



Let's presume absolute worst case of the following: 120V lighting (use 240V)... 60 watt lights (which is an insane amount of light in LED) ... 300 foot string ... and we carry all the power all 300' (which doesn't actually happen)... our voltage drop works out to 4.55%. That is perfectly fine. In practice it will be half that.



If you bumped to 240V lighting it would be 1/8 that. (lighting doesn't need GFCI unless it's near a water feature like a pond, hot tub or pool).



Voltage drop is really not a problem unless you're burning six 400-watt sodium lights or something, but even that would be 6.31% at 240V, actually half that: very acceptable.



But even then. Let's say you want twelve. Okay. You're in conduit. Just run 2 more wires so now you have 2 circuits. Every other light goes on a different circuit. Done. STILL not enough? Run 3 circuits. Run 4. You hit a hard limit at 4 circuits.



Wait. You need more still? Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights which cover the same space at 1/3 the power because they are much better-aimed. You can support about 70 of those.



More STILL? Okay, bump the conduit to 3/4" and the wire to #10. Now you can push the wires to 16A breaker limits instead of the 10A we were holding back at, and still have sane voltage drop. So 15,360 watts of lighting.






share|improve this answer















Hubs are not a thing in mains electrical wiring. All your splices need to be inside junction boxes, and those junction box covers need to be accessible without tools. You can't bury them, for instance.



Realistically you will probably need to bring conduit up to each pole base, going from pole to pole, and make the splices inside the pole base. Most poles provide an access point for this.



As far as voltage drop, your fears are unfounded.



Let's presume absolute worst case of the following: 120V lighting (use 240V)... 60 watt lights (which is an insane amount of light in LED) ... 300 foot string ... and we carry all the power all 300' (which doesn't actually happen)... our voltage drop works out to 4.55%. That is perfectly fine. In practice it will be half that.



If you bumped to 240V lighting it would be 1/8 that. (lighting doesn't need GFCI unless it's near a water feature like a pond, hot tub or pool).



Voltage drop is really not a problem unless you're burning six 400-watt sodium lights or something, but even that would be 6.31% at 240V, actually half that: very acceptable.



But even then. Let's say you want twelve. Okay. You're in conduit. Just run 2 more wires so now you have 2 circuits. Every other light goes on a different circuit. Done. STILL not enough? Run 3 circuits. Run 4. You hit a hard limit at 4 circuits.



Wait. You need more still? Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights which cover the same space at 1/3 the power because they are much better-aimed. You can support about 70 of those.



More STILL? Okay, bump the conduit to 3/4" and the wire to #10. Now you can push the wires to 16A breaker limits instead of the 10A we were holding back at, and still have sane voltage drop. So 15,360 watts of lighting.







share|improve this answer














share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer








edited 9 hours ago

























answered 10 hours ago









HarperHarper

73.7k448148




73.7k448148












  • His "hub" would be a handhole-type underground box, by the way :)

    – ThreePhaseEel
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    At the rate you're going, there will be an arc welder on top of each post...

    – manassehkatz
    9 hours ago











  • "Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights " It's worth doing that anyway...

    – UKMonkey
    9 hours ago











  • Thanks a bunch for the help. This clarifies a lot

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    @EdBeal Really? How do you access them for maintenance? Or even find them?

    – Harper
    8 hours ago

















  • His "hub" would be a handhole-type underground box, by the way :)

    – ThreePhaseEel
    10 hours ago






  • 1





    At the rate you're going, there will be an arc welder on top of each post...

    – manassehkatz
    9 hours ago











  • "Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights " It's worth doing that anyway...

    – UKMonkey
    9 hours ago











  • Thanks a bunch for the help. This clarifies a lot

    – Tito Valentin
    8 hours ago






  • 1





    @EdBeal Really? How do you access them for maintenance? Or even find them?

    – Harper
    8 hours ago
















His "hub" would be a handhole-type underground box, by the way :)

– ThreePhaseEel
10 hours ago





His "hub" would be a handhole-type underground box, by the way :)

– ThreePhaseEel
10 hours ago




1




1





At the rate you're going, there will be an arc welder on top of each post...

– manassehkatz
9 hours ago





At the rate you're going, there will be an arc welder on top of each post...

– manassehkatz
9 hours ago













"Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights " It's worth doing that anyway...

– UKMonkey
9 hours ago





"Okay. Dump the sodium lights and go with LED lights " It's worth doing that anyway...

– UKMonkey
9 hours ago













Thanks a bunch for the help. This clarifies a lot

– Tito Valentin
8 hours ago





Thanks a bunch for the help. This clarifies a lot

– Tito Valentin
8 hours ago




1




1





@EdBeal Really? How do you access them for maintenance? Or even find them?

– Harper
8 hours ago





@EdBeal Really? How do you access them for maintenance? Or even find them?

– Harper
8 hours ago










Tito Valentin is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.









draft saved

draft discarded


















Tito Valentin is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.












Tito Valentin is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.











Tito Valentin is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.














Thanks for contributing an answer to Home Improvement Stack Exchange!


  • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

But avoid


  • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

  • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




draft saved


draft discarded














StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fdiy.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f159989%2fhow-can-i-wire-7-outdoor-posts-correctly%23new-answer', 'question_page');

);

Post as a guest















Required, but never shown





















































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown

































Required, but never shown














Required, but never shown












Required, but never shown







Required, but never shown







Popular posts from this blog

Францішак Багушэвіч Змест Сям'я | Біяграфія | Творчасць | Мова Багушэвіча | Ацэнкі дзейнасці | Цікавыя факты | Спадчына | Выбраная бібліяграфія | Ушанаванне памяці | У філатэліі | Зноскі | Літаратура | Спасылкі | НавігацыяЛяхоўскі У. Рупіўся дзеля Бога і людзей: Жыццёвы шлях Лявона Вітан-Дубейкаўскага // Вольскі і Памідораў з песняй пра немца Адвакат, паэт, народны заступнік Ашмянскі веснікВ Минске появится площадь Богушевича и улица Сырокомли, Белорусская деловая газета, 19 июля 2001 г.Айцец беларускай нацыянальнай ідэі паўстаў у бронзе Сяргей Аляксандравіч Адашкевіч (1918, Мінск). 80-я гады. Бюст «Францішак Багушэвіч».Яўген Мікалаевіч Ціхановіч. «Партрэт Францішка Багушэвіча»Мікола Мікалаевіч Купава. «Партрэт зачынальніка новай беларускай літаратуры Францішка Багушэвіча»Уладзімір Іванавіч Мелехаў. На помніку «Змагарам за родную мову» Барэльеф «Францішак Багушэвіч»Памяць пра Багушэвіча на Віленшчыне Страчаная сталіца. Беларускія шыльды на вуліцах Вільні«Krynica». Ideologia i przywódcy białoruskiego katolicyzmuФранцішак БагушэвічТворы на knihi.comТворы Францішка Багушэвіча на bellib.byСодаль Уладзімір. Францішак Багушэвіч на Лідчыне;Луцкевіч Антон. Жыцьцё і творчасьць Фр. Багушэвіча ў успамінах ягоных сучасьнікаў // Запісы Беларускага Навуковага таварыства. Вільня, 1938. Сшытак 1. С. 16-34.Большая российская1188761710000 0000 5537 633Xn9209310021619551927869394п

Беларусь Змест Назва Гісторыя Геаграфія Сімволіка Дзяржаўны лад Палітычныя партыі Міжнароднае становішча і знешняя палітыка Адміністрацыйны падзел Насельніцтва Эканоміка Культура і грамадства Сацыяльная сфера Узброеныя сілы Заўвагі Літаратура Спасылкі НавігацыяHGЯOiТоп-2011 г. (па версіі ej.by)Топ-2013 г. (па версіі ej.by)Топ-2016 г. (па версіі ej.by)Топ-2017 г. (па версіі ej.by)Нацыянальны статыстычны камітэт Рэспублікі БеларусьШчыльнасць насельніцтва па краінахhttp://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/А. Калечыц, У. Ксяндзоў. Спробы засялення краю неандэртальскім чалавекам.І ў Менску былі мамантыА. Калечыц, У. Ксяндзоў. Старажытны каменны век (палеаліт). Першапачатковае засяленне тэрыторыіГ. Штыхаў. Балты і славяне ў VI—VIII стст.М. Клімаў. Полацкае княства ў IX—XI стст.Г. Штыхаў, В. Ляўко. Палітычная гісторыя Полацкай зямліГ. Штыхаў. Дзяржаўны лад у землях-княствахГ. Штыхаў. Дзяржаўны лад у землях-княствахБеларускія землі ў складзе Вялікага Княства ЛітоўскагаЛюблінская унія 1569 г."The Early Stages of Independence"Zapomniane prawdy25 гадоў таму было аб'яўлена, што Язэп Пілсудскі — беларус (фота)Наша вадаДакументы ЧАЭС: Забруджванне тэрыторыі Беларусі « ЧАЭС Зона адчужэнняСведения о политических партиях, зарегистрированных в Республике Беларусь // Министерство юстиции Республики БеларусьСтатыстычны бюлетэнь „Полаўзроставая структура насельніцтва Рэспублікі Беларусь на 1 студзеня 2012 года і сярэднегадовая колькасць насельніцтва за 2011 год“Индекс человеческого развития Беларуси — не было бы нижеБеларусь занимает первое место в СНГ по индексу развития с учетом гендерного факцёраНацыянальны статыстычны камітэт Рэспублікі БеларусьКанстытуцыя РБ. Артыкул 17Трансфармацыйныя задачы БеларусіВыйсце з крызісу — далейшае рэфармаванне Беларускі рубель — сусветны лідар па дэвальвацыяхПра змену коштаў у кастрычніку 2011 г.Бядней за беларусаў у СНД толькі таджыкіСярэдні заробак у верасні дасягнуў 2,26 мільёна рублёўЭканомікаГаласуем за ТОП-100 беларускай прозыСучасныя беларускія мастакіАрхитектура Беларуси BELARUS.BYА. Каханоўскі. Культура Беларусі ўсярэдзіне XVII—XVIII ст.Анталогія беларускай народнай песні, гуказапісы спеваўБеларускія Музычныя IнструментыБеларускі рок, які мы страцілі. Топ-10 гуртоў«Мясцовы час» — нязгаслая легенда беларускай рок-музыкіСЯРГЕЙ БУДКІН. МЫ НЯ ЗНАЕМ СВАЁЙ МУЗЫКІМ. А. Каладзінскі. НАРОДНЫ ТЭАТРМагнацкія культурныя цэнтрыПублічная дыскусія «Беларуская новая пьеса: без беларускай мовы ці беларуская?»Беларускія драматургі па-ранейшаму лепш ставяцца за мяжой, чым на радзіме«Працэс незалежнага кіно пайшоў, і дзяржаву турбуе яго непадкантрольнасць»Беларускія філосафы ў пошуках прасторыВсе идём в библиотекуАрхіваванаАб Нацыянальнай праграме даследавання і выкарыстання касмічнай прасторы ў мірных мэтах на 2008—2012 гадыУ космас — разам.У суседнім з Барысаўскім раёне пабудуюць Камандна-вымяральны пунктСвяты і абрады беларусаў«Мірныя бульбашы з малой краіны» — 5 непраўдзівых стэрэатыпаў пра БеларусьМ. Раманюк. Беларускае народнае адзеннеУ Беларусі скарачаецца колькасць злачынстваўЛукашэнка незадаволены мінскімі ўладамі Крадзяжы складаюць у Мінску каля 70% злачынстваў Узровень злачыннасці ў Мінскай вобласці — адзін з самых высокіх у краіне Генпракуратура аналізуе стан са злачыннасцю ў Беларусі па каэфіцыенце злачыннасці У Беларусі стабілізавалася крымінагеннае становішча, лічыць генпракурорЗамежнікі сталі здзяйсняць у Беларусі больш злачынстваўМУС Беларусі турбуе рост рэцыдыўнай злачыннасціЯ з ЖЭСа. Дазволіце вас абкрасці! Рэйтынг усіх службаў і падраздзяленняў ГУУС Мінгарвыканкама вырасАб КДБ РБГісторыя Аператыўна-аналітычнага цэнтра РБГісторыя ДКФРТаможняagentura.ruБеларусьBelarus.by — Афіцыйны сайт Рэспублікі БеларусьСайт урада БеларусіRadzima.org — Збор архітэктурных помнікаў, гісторыя Беларусі«Глобус Беларуси»Гербы и флаги БеларусиАсаблівасці каменнага веку на БеларусіА. Калечыц, У. Ксяндзоў. Старажытны каменны век (палеаліт). Першапачатковае засяленне тэрыторыіУ. Ксяндзоў. Сярэдні каменны век (мезаліт). Засяленне краю плямёнамі паляўнічых, рыбакоў і збіральнікаўА. Калечыц, М. Чарняўскі. Плямёны на тэрыторыі Беларусі ў новым каменным веку (неаліце)А. Калечыц, У. Ксяндзоў, М. Чарняўскі. Гаспадарчыя заняткі ў каменным векуЭ. Зайкоўскі. Духоўная культура ў каменным векуАсаблівасці бронзавага веку на БеларусіФарміраванне супольнасцей ранняга перыяду бронзавага векуФотографии БеларусиРоля беларускіх зямель ва ўтварэнні і ўмацаванні ВКЛВ. Фадзеева. З гісторыі развіцця беларускай народнай вышыўкіDMOZGran catalanaБольшая российскаяBritannica (анлайн)Швейцарскі гістарычны15325917611952699xDA123282154079143-90000 0001 2171 2080n9112870100577502ge128882171858027501086026362074122714179пппппп

Герб Смалявічаў Апісанне | Спасылкі | НавігацыяГерб города Смолевичип